Subjunct - Definition and Examples

Bad Effects of Technology - 5844 Words

Negative Effects of Computers in Classrooms By Jessy Norman Computers and other related technologies have become an enormous part of our daily lives. They have altered our sense of people, space, and time. From our living rooms, we can now talk to people, and watch ev ents unfold in far-off places. Shopping, banking, and game playing are just a few of the other daily activities that have also changed. So many aspects of the ways we communicate and handle information have been altered by technological development. Cellu l ar phones, answering machines, voice mail, fax machines, cable televisions, computer networks, satellite communications and e-mail are only some recent changes. Other manifestations of this change would be the location of†¦show more content†¦. In the e arly 1960s Skinner said that teaching machines and programmed instruction would increase student learning. Those first-generation Apples and PCs often sat collecting dust in classroom corners, largely because teachers had little time or resources to learn more about them, even if they had the inclination. So, with more computers in classrooms now then ever, why is it that schools are not producing millions of Bill Gates clones? It seems that they have rushed this computers in with out having one k e y element-- training the teachers. Education Week Magazine has just completed a report on technology in school that shows teachers do not know what to do with all that RAM. Almost 50% dont use computers at all in teaching, and only 16 percent use the I nternet. The Educational software thats out there doesnt provide much promise:70% of high school teachers said finding useful products is nearly impossible (Teachers are Lagging off on Logging on). Today, however schools and teacher education programs a re having to assist teachers in learning the technology skills they need in order to prepare for life in the future. The use of computer technology and the growing access to educational resources through the Internet are requiring educators to rethink ho w they teach and to help students to prepare for work in upcoming decades. Most teachers, though are not adequately prepared yet to make use of exciting new educational technologies because neither their teacherShow MoreRelatedTechnology Has A Good Or Bad Effect On Learning Today?1136 Words   |  5 PagesDo you think that technology has a good or bad effect on learning today? The authors Clive Thompson, David Gelernter, Emily Yoffe, Nicholas A. Christakis, and James H. Fowler; all have different views on how technology s effects on today’s generation. Clive Thompson thinks technology helps students a lot in this day and age. David Gelernter thinks Computers cannot teach and should not be used for teaching roles. Emily Yoffe Thinks that technology has a major effect on our mind, and school. NicholasRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Impact On The World1042 Words   |  5 Pageshistory, technology, and etc. Inthis research paper you will find most of the history of global warming, how it has had a impact on the world, how it impacts us and our daily lives, and etc. Also I (Yarely Juarez) will be stating what are the planning or direction of this technology. Many 7t11 graders do not put as much interest on global warming and on how it affects us. Also this essay will contain the evolution of this topic,which is global warming, the development of he alternative technology. ItRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Society1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe technology is creating a generation capable of communication and understanding different cultures and belief. The technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purpose. It machinery and equipment developed from such as scientific knowledge. Humans have lived for thousands of years without any technology in small hunter gatherer communities, but now we have all of this technology and the population on Earth has exploded and will not stop anytime soon. â€Å"Society seems enthralledRead MoreThe Media Affects Me?1313 Words   |  6 Pageselectronics has drastically increased over the past 4 years, but it is said to increase even more in the coming years. This is leading ha rmful effects, specifically on children and adolescents, causing bad behaviors and attitudes, decreased intelligence, and worst of all health problems/concerns. There is no doubt that children and adolescent have an attitude problem and a bad behavior. But what some people fail to notice or bring attention to is why? Some may say that it is stress, or a habit, but while thoseRead MoreIs Technology Good or Bad for Today ´s Youth?931 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology is a good or a bad for today’s youth? . . Today is the world of technology and man being a social animal is nothing without this technology. Or in other words can be said that survival along with progression is not possible without the interference of technology in our lives in each and everyRead MoreEssay about The History of Chemistry and Technology883 Words   |  4 Pagesand much much more What was society like before the discovery of your technology? Society was simplistic, as in people didnt have televisions, or other modern day uses we now have with new-fangelded technology we now have to our advantage and to really get us through life. Where so evolved that we Don’t really understand how different or not easily life was before chemistry. There are tons of pro’s and con’s to technology. Chemistry made life easier and put everything we need to live in thingsRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Technology Essay687 Words   |  3 PagesPeople very often debate whether technology is good or bad. Many people believe that technology can only cause harm to their lives and society, while many others strongly defend the technologies which have made their lives much more leisurely and enriching than it could have been several hundred years ago. In my opinion, both of these views are correct to an extent, but I also believe that what should be examined is not whether technology in its self is good or bad, but rather how we as humans useRead MoreThe Circle By Dave Eggers1310 Words   |  6 Pagessending out a message, religious views, clothing, technology, etc. There are a lot of good trends that can benefit society, but there are also bad ones too. In the novel, â€Å"The Circle† by Dave Eggers, the author expla ins how different kind of things can change our society. For example, new innovative technology, social media, privacy, interaction with other people, and how this can affect people. In our present time youth culture, I believe technology is one of the most dominantly trending the mostRead MoreEffects Of Technology On Our Lives1679 Words   |  7 Pagespeople use technology eleven hours of the average waking hours of sixteen to eighteen. That is sixty one to sixty eight percent of waking time on technology. Overuse of any thing is unhealthy, especially overuse with so many adverse effects. Technology has three main categories of unhealthy effects. Physical, Mental/Emotional, and Social/Environmental. Because of its wide range of unhealthy effects on several aspects of life its use should be limited. Technology has unhealthy effects on many aspectsRead MoreAnalysis of Two Articles: Is Technology Good or Bad?1214 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology At Its Finest: Is it Good or Bad? Over this past decade or so, people all around the globe have been granted with greater advancements in technology. From cellphones we can talk to, to 3-Dimensional televisions, we are able to pretty much do anything thanks to these high-tech products. But, should we really be grateful for these easy-to-use devices, or are they taking over the lives of millions? In the articles written by Michael Malone and Daniel Burrus, we receive an inside look

Region IX †Zamboanga Peninsula Free Essays

Recently we were told by our teacher to pay a visit at our campus on the occasion of a science fair giving each one of us one ticket. Accordingly, I went there and enjoyed a lot. What I saw was a fantastic arrangement of exhibits done by the students. We will write a custom essay sample on Region IX – Zamboanga Peninsula or any similar topic only for you Order Now I saw miniatures mostly about agriculture. One of the unique creations was a miniature of Terrace Farming, it is a piece of sloped plane that has been cut into a series of successively receding flat surfaces or platforms, which resemble steps, for the purposes of more effective farming. As we all know, one of the popular terraces is he Banana Rice Terraces (Haggard-Haggard Palatal). Some of the miniature was describing about Contour Plowing it is plowing across a slope following its elevation contour lines. This is the kind of agricultural solution used by most farmers as a tool for weed control, prevent soil erosion, and in some cases to promote plant growth. There was also a miniature about Interloping meaning growing two different vegetables in an area at the same time to save space. On the other miniature it was about how to farm organically. According to a book that I have read, eating organic odds may in fact, reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancer for individuals who abstain from consuming products produced by conventional farming methods. I also saw a miniature about animal farming. Mostly the main products of this Industry are meat, milk and eggs for human consumption. Here’s to other miniature about urban Vile which pictures out the setting of an urban place or what we call a city where you can see tall buildings and establishments and a large crowd of people. In the contrary there was a miniature with details of a Rural place where It Is located outside the city with a low population density and small settlements. And lastly, one object drew my attention. It was about family farming. Like In my hometown we have a small farm at the back of our house, and planting Is one of our ways of bonding during weekends. One of the Important features of family farms Is the Intimate connection between families and farms which creates vital links between a farm and the food being grown. I miss home. I spent full 30 minutes rooming around the science fair enjoying such wonderful creations. How to cite Region IX – Zamboanga Peninsula, Papers

Imports in Agriculture Essay Example For Students

Imports in Agriculture Essay How many of you remember what you ate for lunch How many of you know exactly which country your lunch came from Over one-third of the food we eat is shipped from over seas and nearly another 1/3 comes for Canada, Mexico, and South America. This is the reality; if you dont raise your food yourself, you dont know where it came from, or how it was handled. Chemicals such as DDT and Guthion are still used every day in less developed countries that the US buys food from. Toilets and sinks in the field are not even considered in these countries. It seems that if the USDA prohibited DDT and set up sanitation laws in the United States to protect the food we eat, then counties we buy food from should have the same laws. Friends, the best traditions of our National life are in trouble, the cornerstone of the US is giving way. Agriculture, is suffering. You might think, so what! Ag is down right now, but so is every other major industry in the United States. This is not just a sign of the times. The problem is deeper. An economic issue comes into play with imported foods. Domestic food is more expensive because of labor costs, chemical costs, and laws surrounding agriculture that dont apply in most other countries. It is important to us as Americans have clean food and a clean environment. If we continue to eat contaminated, imported food what good will we be getting out of these laws The bottom line, here in America, is what seems to matter so we buy the cheap food not knowing what may be lurking or how we maybe destroying the American economy. More danger comes to the American population in this time of war. The fact that over one-third of the food consumed in the US is shipped in from over seas makes it easy to cut off part of our food supply or contaminate it. A loss of imported food could cripple America in a grave way, by making us hungry or gravely sick. If terrorist are not afraid to contaminate our mail then what will stop them from contaminating our food What about all the food grown here in Oregon? Where does it all go? Over 80% of the crops grown in Oregon are exported. The sad truth is, commodities such as sweet corn, green beans, and peas are then imported into Oregon cheaper than they can be grown. Now, how do we solve this problem? Several options look as if they have a real potential for solving the problems at hand. The option I have heard from the most growers is only importing food into the United States when it is not in season here. This option will allow American agriculture to produce food to be consumed most of the year while keeping a friendly door open to trade. This would benefit the slumped economy through putting Americans back to work in the canneries; equipment manufacturing industries, the steel industries and the list of positives goes on. Another option maybe government subsidized farming. Though subsidizing farmers now being forced to compete on a global market would have the playing field leveled. This would benefit the farmers, but food containing US banned pesticides would still be allowed to come into the country as regularly. Now that many farms have been set-up in foreign countries production is less likely to move operations back into the United States unless by force. .

The XYY Syndrome Essay Research Paper subject free essay sample

The XYY Syndrome Essay, Research Paper capable = Intro to Biology rubric = XYY Syndrome documents = XYY Males Xyy Syndrome is a rare familial upset which affects males due to an excess Yttrium chromosome. Healthy males have 46 chromosomes including one Ten and one Y chromosome. Work force with XYY syndrome have 47 chromosomes, two of which are Y chromosomes. It is non known why the excess Y chromosome occurs. The upset is present at birth and is estimated to happen in one out of every one thousand unrecorded births. In really rare cases, the syndrome has been passed from male parent to boy, but in most instances heredity can non be established. The features of XYY syndrome are frequently really elusive and do non bespeak and serious chromosomal upset. Therefore, males with this status are often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. The primary symptoms include tall or really tall tallness which becomes apparent at the age of five or six, and terrible cystic acne during adolescence. We will write a custom essay sample on The XYY Syndrome Essay Research Paper subject or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lower than mean intelligence and/or behavioural jobs, such as an explosive pique, aggressive or noncompliant actions, or sometimes antisocial behaviour are other symptoms. Some persons with this upset may besides hold linguistic communication troubles or psychosexual jobs. XYY Syndrome is frequently undiagnosed until trials for other medical grounds are performed. Other than being remarkably tall and/or holding behavioural jobs, in many instances, these male childs or work forces appear normal. Physical features of XYY Syndrome may include an exceptionally long caput with a somewhat protrusive brow, long custodies and pess, long ears, mild indenture of the sternum, and/or big dentitions. Poor thorax and shoulder musculus development is besides common. Even though males with this syndrome are big, they tend to be weak and uncoordinated. Some may hold a all right intentional shudder, such as agitating custodies when the attempt to imbibe a glass of H2O. Occasionally, a bony formation across the articulations in the two castanetss of the forearm ensuing in the stiffening of the affected articulations may happen. Other occasional symptoms are undescended testiss, a little phallus, or an gap located on the bottom of the phallus. For a long clip it was thought that XYY Syndrome persons had aggressive inclinations frequently associated with condemnable behaviour due to the excess Y chromosome. Epidemiologic surveies suggest that one out of every 35 institutionalised male juvenile delinquents has XYY Syndrome. However, it is now believed by some research workers that this behaviour is non due to the excess Y chromosome, but instead to the lower than mean intelligence and instruction degrees of these work forces. More research is needed to understand the function of this chromosomal abnormalcy on behaviour.

Jim Crow essays

Jim Crow essays The states of Tennessee and Louisiana had Jim Crow laws after the Civil War. Tennessee had twenty laws between the years 1866 and 1955. Louisiana on the other hand had 33 between the years 1868 and 1960. Tennessee and Louisiana both had Jim Crow laws however there were some similarities and differences. Tennessee Jim Crow law dealt with had education, railroad, streetcar, miscengerenation, and accommodation statue. The laws mainly focused on education and public transportation. The education laws required separate school for black and white children but in 1869 a law was passed that barred segragation based on race from attending the University of Tennessee but blacks and whites was separated. The railroad companies were required to furnish separate cars for black passengers who pay first-class rates. In 1891the railroad companies would provide separate but equal accommodations for blacks and whites. There were also laws for miscegenation. Black and whites were not able to get married and if they did marry they were put in prison. Every place Louisiana on the other hand prohibited separation of schools based on race on up till 1954. After the Brown decision they had to operate separate schools for black and white children. Public transportation was open for anyone to ride there were no law stating that blacks couldnt ride. However in 1928 everyone could still ride but the carriers had to provide separate but equal accommodations. Like Tennessee there were law against intermarriage between blacks and whites and against blacks and Indians. Louisiana also had some laws that Tennessee had brought into law later. Louisiana called for segregation in prisons and health care institutions. They also made employers to create separate bathrooms, dining halls, and eating and drinking utensils for black and whites. Louisiana from 1868 to 1914 didnt have any segregation. The only thing that was outlawed was miscegenati...

Using Kiosk Banking to Lower Cost Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Using Kiosk Banking to Lower Cost - Essay Example Such machines, also called electronic kiosks, are used for data retrieval, information gathering, and dispensing banking services. They have an interface platform and a personal computer powered by software to handle financial transactions. Some kiosks also have videoconferencing, magnetic stripe readers, smart card reader and â€Å"electronic pads† that reproduce signatures on laser printed mortgage forms. The banks also realized later that the use of kiosks needs to be marketed pro-actively. These machines can’t attract customers on their own. Olivetti North America Inc, of Liberty Lake, Washington and NCR, Dayton, Ohio are the market leaders in manufacture of kiosks, though not without competition. The kiosks may differ in variety, color, style and working. Washington Mutual Bank of Seattle has installed its kiosks in discount stores where they are used for requesting loan applications besides normal banking functions. The Bank is also experimenting in the kiosk usage in absence of store staff. The Bank feels that the kiosks have made a positive difference to the business. Ed Reger, vice-president of the Bank says that unlike some other banks, they will not give up on developing customer relations and will not put up kiosks in stand alone environment. Reger feels that places like retail outlets, offices of realtors, and retirement homes hold great potential for the use of kiosks. In a typical kiosk operation, a person can fill an application to open a bank account, append electronic signatures and discuss with customer s ervice department through video conferencing. However, the high costs associated with the technology dissuade smaller institutions from using it. Meanwhile NCR and Affinity Technology group have joined hands to put to use NCR software to develop automated lending capabilities. On the other hand, Olivetti kiosks have different core module for different operations. The machine of Dyad Inc., another manufacturer helps the customers to secure a

Quality of Health Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Quality of Health Care - Essay Example The paper outlines the obstacles to quality health care and ways of overcoming the obstacles. Quality health care refers to the services that ensure that healthy people continue to remain healthy, curing entirely acute diseases, and those suffering from chronic diseases live a long fruitful life. Quality care has to ensure that the three kinds of people receive adequate and prompt care. This process faces challenges that prevent it from achieving its maximum potential. One of the challenges is poor access to these services (McLaughlin, 2006). Access to quality care refers to the ability of individuals to access medical services when they need it. It entails two different but related components, that is, availability of facilities that provide health care around where people live and the aptitude of people paying up for the services. Inability to pay is a financial barrier to healthcare. Medical care is expensive to many individuals in the country. It is for this reason that the government came up with medical insurance to subsidizes this fee. It works in a manner that ensures that most of those under employment are insured. This insurance extends to their family members, as well. However, fractions of people in the country are under employment (Elizabeth & Maulik, 2008). The unemployed and self-employed do not have access to insurance. They pay the entire bill themselves, which is rather expensive. In addition to this, these people do not qualify to be under public programs including Medicaid and Medicare since they are unemployed. Medicaid and Medicare help in subsidizing the cost of health care services to be incurred by its members. An alternative is to purchase the individual private coverage, which goes for a rather high premium. The number of people without health insurance continues to rise steadily due to many factors. A major factor is the rise

Assignment 2 MJ Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

2 MJ - Assignment Example The scene then fast forwards to the present day where the first born son named Jamal is older and his son is about to get married and the second born son had fled to America to escape the injustices that were happening in his country. The second born son, Bassam goes back to Abuddin with his American family for the wedding. The president dies during the wedding ceremony and Jamal inherits the presidency. The country is ruled through a lot of fear as the ruling family is known to persecute anyone who threatens to oppose their rule. The royal family lives a lavish lifestyle and has servants at their beck and call. However, the time is when most parts of the world were calling out for the end of dictatorial rule and thus the royal family was under a lot of pressure from a rebel group to hold an election. Bassam, being more accepting of the democratic ways, convinces his brother to go through an election. Jamal is definately authoritative and does whatever he wants to satisfy himself. He does not care much about anyone else or what anyone would say. He does things that only benefit him; satisfy his needs, and his hold onto power. His first action shown in the series is him forcing himself on one of his subject’s wife as the husband waits outside and he does not care about the husband’s feelings and neither those of the children of the woman who are waiting outside. His major aim is to satisfy himself regardless of who gets hurt. Jamal justifies his actions by claiming that his wife had left him and that his subjects are there to please him and do as he wishes whenever he wants. He extends his cruelty to innocent people simply because he has the authority and capacity to do as he wishes and no one is bold enough to face him. Jamal had been brought by his father and taught to be ruthless to people who did not agree with him. From his childhood, he had been forced to go everywhere with his father and even

Understanding Research Philosophy Why Is It Important Sociology Essay

Understanding Research Philosophy Why Is It Important Sociology Essay Many of us believe that research is always related to activities that are hidden and mostly strictly confidential from our knowledge and in our daily life (Altinay and Paraskevas, 2006). In addition, majority of us also believed that these activities are held in laboratories, in some aspect this is partly correct, in a sense that the research done by people in laboratories follows certain scientific strategies and methodologies. However, there are also a growing number of individuals such as business managers, marketers, academics and students who at the present time conduct a thorough research outside laboratories in order to develop and produce knowledge relevant to the business world or any particular interest. With this regard, the difference between the researchers are in their research approaches, strategies and philosophies. These differences are their perception of how the knowledge can be created and constructed in a rigorous and meaningful way in order to answer a research problem. (Altinay and Paraskevas 2008:69). Research philosophy is defined as the development of knowledge and the nature of knowledge (Saunders, et al., 2009). The meaning might sound rather profound, however, the author further explained that the basic meaning of the definition is precisely the exact thing every researcher is doing when he or she is conducting a research and that is the will to develop knowledge in a particular field. According to Crossan (2003) on paper about Research Philosophy: Towards and Understanding, (Crossan 2003), there are several reasons on why researchers needs to understand philosophical issues before embarking themselves in a particular field. Easterby-Smith, et al. (2002), identifies three reasons on why there is significance on understanding philosophies in reference to research methodology. The first reason the author added is that by understanding research philosophy the researcher may refine and clarify the research method to be used in their study and consequently help the researchers to gather their evidence and to answer their research questions. Secondly, the knowledge of research philosophy will enable to assist the researchers with different types of methodologies and as such avoiding inappropriate and unrelated works. Lastly, by understanding the basic meaning of research philosophy and understanding its advantages and benefits, it helps the researcher to be more creative and exploratory in their method of research. Saunders, et al. (2009) added, that in research philosophy each researcher follows important views on how they perceived the world. Furthermore, this views and assumptions will greatly affect the research strategy and methodology a researcher chooses as part of its approach. Research methods can be described and classified into different levels (Clark, 1998). In addition, Saunders, et al. (2009) also pointed out that the levels of research methods a researcher should adopt will contain his or her views about the world. These views will actually support the researchers judgment on which research method the researcher should choose as a part of its strategy (Saunders, et al., 2009). In the social science world however, there is an ongoing debate to which is the most appropriate standpoint from the views of positivism and the non-positivism/ interpretativism (Saunders, et al., 2009). According to Saunders, et al. (2009), if a researcher reflects the philosophy or the views of positivism, then most probably the researcher will take on the philosophical instance of natural scientist. Positivism according to Veal (2006) is a framework of research similar to the views and assumptions adopted by natural scientist, in which the researchers view the people and its behaviour as phenomena to be studied, using facts and observations as its strategy to explain the phenomena. Saunders, et al., (2009) also added that positivism views mostly prefer working in an observable social reality and will have an end product research similar to those produced by a natural scientist. Furthermore, researcher with positivism views will only observe a phenomenon which is observable and will end up producing credible data. In addition, the author also argued that one of the essential elements of a positivist approach is that the views of the researcher are not influenced on value of judgements. Interpretivism on the other hand, strongly believes that it is imperative for a researcher to understand the factors and differences between humans in our role as social actors (Saunders, et al., 2009). To clarify, the author further discussed that these belief is plainly to emphasise the difference between conducting research among people rather than materials or object. Saunders, et al.( 2009) also argued that the complexity of the position of interpretivism comes from two intellectual traditions namely; phenomenology and symbolic interactionism. To explain, the author identifies phenomenology as referring to the way the human beings make sense to the world and the surrounding, while the symbolic interactionism, the human being are in the continual process of interpreting the surrounding social world. In social world, Smith (1998) argued that positivism is most probably the most important attempt in order to have authoritative knowledge. The author also added that the positive approach to social sciences is more of a scientific method because a researcher with positivism philosophy will always assume that everything and every phenomenon can be studied as hard facts and as such establish scientific laws. Although, for some researchers they believe that it is imperative to use the traditional approach of research such as the naturalist or scientific method in order to explain phenomena or any occurrence in the physical and life science (Remenyi, et al., 1998). The author also argued that many scholars however, have proven a point that this is not entirely appropriate to study human beings or the organisations they have created. This point was clearly illustrated on Carr 1967 (cited in, Remenyi et al., 1998:94). I do not wish to suggest that the interference of the social scientist or of the historian can match that of physical scientist in precision, or that their inferiority in this respect is due merely to the greater backwardness of the social sciences. The Human being is on any view the most complex entity known to us, and the study of his behaviour may well involve differences in kind from those confronting the physical scientists. With this regard, many would argue that the study of phenomenology or sometimes called non-positivism is more appropriate method or strategy in order to study peoples behaviour and their organisation (Remenyi, et al, 1998). The author further argued that researchers that has phenomenological views does not deny the importance and relevance of positivism in the study of physical life and sciences, after all, if not because of positivism there will be no enlightenment to the development material reality of the twentieth-century, such as heart transplant and space travels. However, despite the importance of the positivism views, they have poor insights when explaining, why people hate their jobs and most of the time complains about everything, why customer service is normally poor, or why is it that most of employees are motivated with achievement and some are not (Remenyi, et al., 1998). Research Approach According to Saunders, et al. (2009) research approaches are mainly based on the research philosophies, whereby the deductive approach is commonly used by researchers with traditional natural scientific views (positivism), while inductive approach is usually based on phenomenology (interpretivism). Sometimes these research paradigms or approaches are used together in research to explain better an occurrence or phenomena (Gilner, et al., 20000). Furthermore, a deductive approach is an extremely influential and intellectual approach, in which conceptual and theoretical framework is developed and tested using empirical observation (Hussey and Hussey, 1997). An inductive research on the other hand is an approach whereby, the theory is developed from observing an empirical reality, which is typically oppose the deductive method (Hussey and Hussey,1997). Research Strategies Selecting an appropriate research strategy is key to ensuring that research questions are addressed in a way which has value and is congruent with the overall topic, questions and purpose of research (Palliative Medicine 2004; 18:677-684).In relation to, Saunders, et al. (2009) added that most of the research strategies belongs to deductive approach. The author also argued that even it is imperative to allocate strategies, it is important to remember that there is no superior or inferior type of strategy, all strategies are important to every researcher; however, their use will entirely depend on the field of study the researcher will embark on. According to Robson (1993) there are three traditional research strategies, namely; Experiment, Survey and Case Studies. However, Saunders, et al., (2009) added that research strategies should not be restricted on one strategy per study; it is also possible that survey strategy can be as part of case study. Apart from the relation of experiment to natural and social sciences, Saunders, et al. (2009) also defines experiment as, the study of casual links between an independent and dependent variable. Therefore, experiments are commonly use as a basis of explanatory research in answering the questions how and why. Survey is a popular strategy in conducting a research, as it allows a large amount collection of data from a chosen sample (Saunders, et al., 2009). Additionally, the author also pointed out that survey is essential in the collection of quantitative data whereby the researcher can analyse the data quantitatively by using inferential statistics. The last on the tradition research strategies according to Saunders, et al. (2009), is the case study; the author identifies this research method as commonly used in social sciences in order to have a more in-depth study of a particular individual or a group for that matter. Approach for this Study In the past, many scholars and researchers considered positivism as the correct scientific paradigm to the study of marketing (Carson, et al., 2001). This argument has also been supported by European Journal of Marketing, 28 (3) 1994, whereby the author suggested that the researchers needs to rethink the marketing research methods and answer questions such as, why do qualitative studies lack of acceptance in marketing? (Hunt,1994:13-25). According to (Carson, et al., 2001), after the aggressive and long time debate about the relevance of the approaches of scientific theories on the marketing study (see for example the European Journal of Marketing, 28 (3) 1994), the author considers the qualitative research method in the perspective of marketing as a suitable research approach for this study. In addition, Carson, et al. (2001) also discussed that interpretivsim is more suitable in the study of marketing as its approach to is in a more personal level in answering the problems in social field such as understanding the reality. Furthermore, the author also identified its position to marketing research as skewed toward interpretive end of the spectrum. (See figure 1) SPECTRUM.jpg Figure 1. The authors position to marketing research (Adapted from Carson, et al. (2009:14) In terms or research strategy, Bonoma (1985) argued that case study is a popular method amongst many marketers. In addition, the author defines case study as a well-suited approach to marketing, moreover, the pattern of case study strategy in the field of marketing is highly recognise as means to generate exploratory insights.

Hamlets Soliloquy - To be, or not to be :: Hamlet essays

Hamlet's Soliloquy - To be, or not to be Hamlet's "To be, or not to be" soliloquy is arguably the most famous soliloquy in the history of the theatre. Even today, 400 years after it was written, most people are vaguely familiar with the soliloquy even though they may not know the play. What gives these 34 lines such universal appeal and recognition? What about Hamlet's introspection has prompted scholars and theatregoers alike to ask questions about their own existence over the centuries? In this soliloquy, Shakespeare strikes a chord with a fundamental human concern: the validity and worthiness of life. Would it not be easier for us to simply enter a never-ending sleep when we find ourselves facing the daunting problems of life than to "suffer / the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune"? However, it is perhaps because we do not know what this endless sleep entails that humans usually opt against suicide. "For in that sleep of death what dreams may come / When we have shuffled off this mortal coil / Must give us pause." Shakespeare seems to understand this dilemma through his character Hamlet, and thus the phrase "To be, or not to be" has been immortalized; indeed, it has pervaded our culture to such a remarkable extent that it has been referenced countless times in movies, television, and the media. Popular movies such as Billy Madison quote the famous phrase, and www.tobeornottobe.com serves as an online archive of Shakespeare's works. Today, a Shakespeare stereotype is held up by the bulk of society, where they see him as the god of drama, infallible and fundamentally superior to modern playwrights. However, this attitude is not new. Even centuries ago, the "holiness" of Shakespeare's work inspired and awed audiences. In a letter dated October 1, 1775, Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, commenting on David Garrick's production of Hamlet (1742-1776) to his friend Heinrich Christian Boie, likens the "To be, or not to be" soliloquy to the Lord's Prayer. He says that the soliloquy "does not naturally make the same impression on the auditor" as Hamlet's other soliloquies do, But it produces an infinitely greater effect than could be expected of an argument on suicide and death in tragedy; and this is because a large part of the audience not only knows it by

Massage Therapy Proven Beneficial Health And Social Care Essay

Massage can be used in assorted signifiers to excite and loosen up. Physical and psychological benefits have been used throughout history and are used to handle conditions. The curative touch has led to its usage as a holistic intervention. Massage is the use of superficial beds of musculus and connective tissue to advance relaxation and wellbeing. Massage involves moving on and pull stringsing the organic structure with force per unit area. The mark tissues include musculuss, sinews, ligaments, tegument, articulations and any other connective tissue every bit good as lymphatic vass or any variety meats of the GI system. There are over 80 different recognised massage modes and the most cited grounds for presenting massage as therapy have been client demand and sensed clinical effectivity. Rubing parts of the organic structure is a natural and natural manner to alleviate hurting and uncomfortableness. This inherent aptitude was likely led to most signifiers of massage. The first to be developed was the sense of touch and it is indispensable to our growing as human existences. Massage can be used to excite or loosen up. McDonald and Goldberg ( 1996:72-89 ) insist that throughout its history it has been used for both its physical and physiological benefits and is used to handle a scope of conditions from both emphasis and position related to concerns, abdominal, pelvic, musculus and back hurting either a consequence from specific hurts like falls, athleticss and auto accidents or merely general hurting. The curative touch has led to its usage as a holistic intervention, one that treats the organic structure and head as a whole. The word ‘massage ‘ is thought to be deprived either from the Arabic for ‘press quietly ‘ or from the Greek for ‘knead ‘ , massage interventions has been passed down through centuries for 1000s of old ages. In ancient China over five thousand old ages ago there was a system of massage and exercising in usage, it is about certain that most races used massage and exercising in one signifier or another dating as far back as the prehistoric ages of adult male. Peoples of ancient civilizations in Persia, Japan and Egypt practised the art of massage for decorative intents and besides found out that they all gained curative effects when they rubbed oils and aromas into their organic structure to fancify their tegument. Around 500BC the Grecian historian Herodotus applied exercisings and massage on the intervention of disease rules about the technique of rubbing that began to be formulated. Massage was directed off from the bosom and the force per unit area was varied during the intervention. It would get down with being soft and so it becomes deeper and quicker and ends easy. In the big metropoliss of Greece, acrobatic Centres were set up where pupils and philosophers could run into to discourse doctrine and attend talks while bathing and exerting at the same clip. Hippocrates, the male parent of medical specialty about 380BC truly merely used massage for the intervention of hurts and diseases, he found that it was more good if friction was done towards the bosom during the intervention although the circulatory system was non understood so. From his accent on force per unit area application he discovered the physiological effects of massage that are accepted today. During 130-200AD a celebrated phy sician during the Roman epoch called Galen experimented in physiology and discovered that arterias were filled with blood, non air as antecedently believed. He varied the way of massage and besides greatly believed in handling hurts and diseases with it. During the fifteenth, 16th and 17th centuries, Switzerland, France, Italy, Prussia and England produced several celebrated sawboness and doctors who began one time once more to utilize massage intervention for hurts and diseases. The old nomenclature of massage remained but new words were introduced such as force per unit area, working and uses. From the terminal of the 18th century a great resurgence in massage began. Many governments wrote and expounded their theories on the topic, one extremist advocated that massage should be performed with great force and they all had different thoughts about the nomenclature, force per unit area, rate, beat and any medium such as oil or pulverization that can be used, the place of the patient and the continuance of the intervention. In the early 19th century Peter Henry Ling of Sweden made the most dramatic part to rub down at this clip. His influence spread throughout Europe and America, he realised that it was of import to get certain cognition of anatomy and physiology before using massage interventions. He created a manner of intervention to advance wellness by increasing blood circulation and exciting the organic structure ‘s curative abilities. It is known that Ling ‘s greatest influence came from a Chinese friend who was a maestro of soldierly humanistic disciplines and Chinese Tui Na massage. A Dutch practician names Johan Georg Mezgar subsequently developed a decreased set of Ling ‘s techniques to organize our modern manner of Swedish massage ; it is Mezgar who adapted the Gallic names normally used to bespeak the basic shots. Doctor Mezgar helped to set up massage as a reputable agencies of intervention by ordering it widely and rehearsing it himself. In 1894 a group of adult females joined together to organize a society of trained masseuses in order to seek to raise the repute and criterion of massage in this state. Although massage in physical therapy had reached a high criterion it seemed as though there was an pressing demand to raise the criterion in the beauty industry. Harmonizing to Jenkins, Massage of kernel ( 2006 ) , the term holistic comes from the Grecian word ‘Holos ‘ which means whole. The holistic attack takes the individuals whole organic structure into history. The intervention takes an consequence on the organic structure originating from environment, psychological science and nutrition. Holistic massage dainties each individual separately in context of their ain life, it enables the individual to better and command their wellness, and it ever keeps the rule of handling the organic structure, head and psyche as one. Holistic massage is about looking at the causes of tenseness and working with the whole organic structure to assist reconstruct the whole organic structure ‘s natural interior balance. The attack with holistic massage is based around oil-based Swedish massage ( effleurage, petrissage and percussion ) Massage as a holistic intervention takes into consideration the physical, mental, religious and environmental fortunes of a individual having a massage intervention, this means that the intervention should be different for each individual. Massage benefits the organic structure because of the particular techniques it involves. The motions and steadfast force per unit area affect all systems in the organic structure, including soft tissues such as musculuss and ligaments and besides nervousnesss and secretory organs. When the force per unit area is applied in motions to your musculuss it is in melody with the natural flow of blood back to your heat. Massage is one of the best known counterpoisons for emphasis ; cut downing emphasis gives you more energy. It improves your mentality on life and reduces your likeliness of unwellness and hurt. It can besides alleviate symptoms of conditions that are aggravated by anxiousness. There are psychological and physiological effects of massage, which some of them are:PsychologicalEncourages the head and organic structure Concentration and watchfulness is frequently improved due to relaxation Emotional effusions Energy degrees are increased Addition in assurance and positive mentality Promotes a feeling of increased wellness and well-being Reduces emphasis degrees Increases the clients feeling of being cared for, supported and nurturedPhysiologicalAids general relaxation Stimulates blood circulation Helps better lymphatic flow Reduces muscular tenseness Layers of the tegument are stimulated which increases cellular map and regeneration of cells Reliefs stiffness in the cervix and shoulder ensuing in hurting alleviation Loosens scar tissue Warms the musculuss Nerve terminations are soothed and stimulated Aidss in peeling bettering the texture of the tegument Softens fatso sedimentations Helps cut down non medical puffiness Encourages deeper take a breathing to a more relaxed external respirationEffectss on the skeletal systemImproves muscle tone and balance Reduces the physical emphasis placed on articulations and castanetss It helps to liberate adhesions Additions joint mobility, cut downing any thickener of the connective tissueEffectss on the Muscular systemReliefs muscular stringency, stiffness, limitations and cramps in the musculus tissue Additions flexibleness in the musculuss Additions blood circulation Reduces musculus weariness and tenderness Promotes rapid remotion of waste and toxins from the musculusEffectss on the lymphatic systemReduces oedema Additions lymph drainage Strengthens the immune systemEffectss on the Nervous systemStimulates centripetal receptors Reduces hurting by the release of endorphins Stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system Promotes relaxation Reduces emphasisEffectss on the cardiovascular systemImproves circulation Dilates blood vass Produces an enhanced blood flow Helps temporarily diminish blood flow Decreases bosom rate due to relaxation Reduces ischaemiaEffectss on the tegumentImproves circulation Increased nutrition to the cells and encourages cell regeneration Additions production of perspiration from the perspiration secretory organs Improves snap on the tegument Additions sebum production Helps better the teguments colour Helps to better the teguments lissomeness and opposition to infectionEffectss on the digestive systemAdditions vermiculation in the big bowel Helps to alleviate irregularity Promotes the activity of parasympathetic nervous system. Which stimulates digestionEffectss on the urinary systemAdditions circulation and lymph drainage from the tissuesEffectss on the respiratory systemSlows down the rate of respiration Improves lung capacity by loosen uping stringency in the respiratory musculuss Massage uses specific techniques such as effleurage, petrissage, working and tapotement ; these treat the soft tissues of the organic structure. Motions are chiefly towards the bosom so it can better blood and lymph circulation, every bit good as to cut down musculus tenseness and to promote flexibleness. The massage techniques have certain effects to the organic structure which are:EffleurageComforting consequence on the nervousnesss including relaxation Additions both blood and lymph circulation Tension alleviation, loosen uping tense musculuss Helping peelingPetrissageAdditions blood and lymph circulation Increases venous return Breaks down tenseness nodules Aidss relaxation Speeds up the remotion of waste merchandisesTapotementAidss sulky clashs Tones and strengthens musculuss Helps loosen mucous secretion in thorax conditions Produces erethyma Stimulates nerve terminationsClashsHelps to interrupt down tight nodules Aidss in relaxation Additions lymph and blood flowVibrationsClears and stimulates the nervousnesss tracts Reliefs tenseness in the cervix and dorsum Can assist increase the action of lungs Helps to increase vermiculation in the colonIndiaIn India massage therapy was licensed in March 1955 by the section of Ayurveda, yoga and naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and homoeopathy under the ministry of wellness and household public assistance.ChinaIn china many of the smaller massage parlors are foreparts for harlotry. These are called falangmei. Most types of massage are non regulated in China without the exclusion of some traditional Chinese medical specialty.JapanIn Japan oil and Thai massage are non regulated but shiatsu massage is cocottes presenting as massage healers are reasonably common in the larger metropoliss ; they pose in manner wellness stores and pink salons.FranceIn order to acquire a licence it requires three old ages of survey and two tests.South KoreaIn South Korea, merely visually- impaired and unsighted people can go accredited massage healers.New ZealandIn New Zealand, massage is unregulated. The professional organic structure for massage healers and the enrol lment at the remedial massage healer denotes competence in the pattern of remedial or orthopedic massage ; these are two degrees of enrollment of massage in New Zealand. Both degrees are defined by in agreement minimal hours and competences.MexicoMassage healers in Mexico combine massage utilizing oils or lotions, the healers are called †sob adores † and they are used to alleviate digestive jobs every bit good as back and articulatio genus hurting. Many of these healers work from the dorsum of a truck and in many parts of Mexico cocottes are allowed to sell sexual massage. This concern is frequently confined to a specific country of Mexico such as zonte norte.Client CareWhen you give a massage intervention to a client appropriate attention for that client involves sing all their demands associating to the massage. Client attention involves practical stairss you take to care for the client ‘s well- being before, during and after the intervention. A clean and unagita ted ambiance will assist the client to experience more comfy and relaxed, and to besides concentrate on the individual acquiring a massage throughout the whole intervention.Client ModestyA client ‘s privateness and modestness must be respected at all times during and after the intervention. You need to merely expose the organic structure portion that gets treated one by one. Clients need privateness in which to undress, besides any notes made during and after the intervention must be locked up firmly afterwards. A audience must be done where no organic structure else can hear it.Client ConfidentialityDuring a intervention anything the client says must be regarded and should non be discussed outside the intervention room or to any other healer. If advice is needed from another healer to come on clients needs so it should be understood from the other healer that it maintains the confidentiality other than that the clients permission is needed to make so.Health and safetyThe well ness and safety Torahs are designed to protect the healer and their clients and punishments for conflicting these Torahs can be terrible, therefore it is extremely of import that the healer high spots their duties and their rights. The wellness and safety at work act 1974 covers all facets of wellness, safety and public assistance at work. It indentifies the duties of the employers and employees. Employers are responsible for the wellness and safety to anyone who comes into their premises. They must supply a safe environment and personal protection. They must take sensible safeguards to protect the wellness and safety of themselves, co-workers and clients.Cite survey ; Massage eases AnxietyKaren J.Sherman, a senior research worker at the group wellness research institute ( 2010 ) states that on mean three months after having 10 massage interventions, patients had half the symptoms for anxiousness. Massage therapy is among the most popular complimentary and alternate medical intervention for anxiousness. A test began to asses how effectual massage is for patients with an anxiousness upset. The test was assigned 68 group wellness patients with a upset to Sessionss in a pleasant and restful environment. Massage healer ‘s delivered their interventions of massage or one of two control interventions. The massage interventions were designed to heighten the map of the nervous system and to alleviate symptoms of anxiousness including musculus tenseness. The control groups were relaxation and thermotherapy. Anxiety upset can be treated besides through medical specialty therapy which is medical and cost effectual. The benefits of massage may be due to a general relaxation response. The massage therapy reduces stress endocrines and epinephrine and increases the relaxation of alpha encephalon moving ridges and besides reduces anxiousness degrees where as the negative consequence is that massage is to be no more effectual than simple relaxation with comforting music. The results of this survey is that Massage easing anxiousness is seeking to turn out that it is n't merely a massage that can assist with anxiousness ; there are other ways of assisting such as sitting in a unagitated environment listening to comforting music. It shows that massages decreases the symptoms of anxiousness and can besides be less expensive.

New Year’s Eve Etymology Hogmanay and Auld Lang Syne

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Health Promotion Activity for HIV Health promotion about raising awareness of Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV). Group members Grace Gaisey, Ethel Onyewuotu, Isabelle Bialan, John Daramewa, Nana Sarpong- Mensah and Peace Uzoma. Introduction This essay highlights assessing, planning, implementing and the evaluation of a health promotion activity on HIV. The World Health Organisation (WHO), 2013) defines HIV as a virus which infects the cells in the immune system by destroying its function to a stage that infections may begin to occur as a result of weakening the immune system. Assessment of Health Need Health needs assessment is an efficient method in reviewing health issues involving a population which leads to approved priorities and allocation of resources that assist in the improvement of health and reduce inequalities (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), 2009). This is beneficial as it contributes to the description patterns of disease in a local population and the differences from other location, such as districts, regional or national disease patterns such as HIV as it is a pandemic disease (National Aids Trust (NAT), 2014), and creates the opportunity in learning more about the needs and priorities of the local population to provide the objectives needed to work towards meeting those needs (Wright, Wilkinson and Williams, 2009). Epidemiology and demographic statistics Naidoo and Wills (2009) defined epidemiology as the study of occurrence and spread of disease in a population. Demography on the other hand is the size, composition and the distribution of human populations and their changes resulting from fertility and mortality (Dudley, Poston Bouvier, 2010). HIV is a transmitted disease with almost 75 million people infected with the virus worldwide, with data trends indicating it has increased as 36 million people were living with HIV by the end of 2012 (WHO, 2014). It has also been estimated that the 75 million infected with HIV caught the virus by means of transmission, such as sexual intercourse and mother to child transmission (WHO, 2013). For instance, it has been estimated that 5.1 million of children worldwide have been infected with HIV through mother to child transmission (NAT, 2013). Thus, early infant diagnosis is being scaled up in many countries, but in 2011 only 35% of the infants born to mothers living with HIV received HIV test and has been increased by 46% between 2010 and 2012 from 2.4 million to 3.5million (WHO, 2013). The demographic statistics from data trends indicates that, about 36 million people have died of HIV globally since 2012 compared to 30.3 million people in 2001 which shows an increase of 17% (WHO, 2014). Although the mortality among the population are infants aged 1-5 years and has increased with 3.34 million (NAT, 2013). HIV causes mortality among adults, however, according to estimates by WHO (2013), infants who has HIV are more likely to die between the ages of 1 and 5 years, respectively, with 2.3 million dying as a result while adults have the likelihood of dying between 15 and 60 years. Target group The target group for this HP activity is 15-24 years as statistics shown by the Public Health England (PHE) (2013) indicate young people under 25 are more at risk of contracting HIV with a peak age of women between 15-20 years and 20-24 for men. This has been indicated as a public health issue in many countries as 40% of new HIV infections are seen among 15 to 24 year olds (PHE, 2013). WHO (2013) further corresponded stating, half of the 75 million people infected with HIV in the world are young women aged 15 to 20 years, accounting for all new infections, and there is a growing recognition that these women and girls with HIV infection is shaped by gender inequalities and violence against them. Behavioral aspects that might affect this health issue. According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (2014), behavioral aspects that can affect the risk of HIV includes individual sexuality and self-esteem. For instance, research indicates that most ongoing risk behaviour for HIV transmission has been described for men who have sex with men (MSM) (NAT, 2014). It has also been estimated that, 10 million people of MSM are living with HIV globally and in 41,100 in the UK in 2012 which has been increasing in the recent years, making public health experts have concerns about the rising rate among MSM (NAT, 2014). Policies In 2013, World Health Organisation published a global policy in which they provided recommendations on HIV testing and counselling. They estimated that about 20 million adolescents aged 10-24 years are living with HIV worldwide with half of them unaware of their infection. This policy aims at giving a high priority to enhance access to HIV testing and counselling globally, which is beneficial as it involve the improvement of health and is appropriate for the HP activity as advising people on HIV testing and offering counselling gives the opportunity to care, treatment and support for people and permit them to know their status (British HIV Association, 2014). In addition, the policy also outlined the need for giving sufficient information on HIV awareness and an early diagnosis and treatment as it can reduce the progression and the prevention of HIV transmission. Thus, the WHO (2013) corresponded by recommending that HIV testing and counselling should be offered in global hospitals as this will assist the diagnosis and management of the infection. In the UK, the NAT (2012) provides a policy based on HIV prevention and its aim is to promote health of the UK population with a prevention of an HIV test action plan to reduce late diagnosis of HIV in the UK. This is a relevant policy as HIV has become a generalised epidemic in the UK that affects the health and well being of enormous people from all social classes (NAT, 2014). HIV is not only a health issue, but also a developmental issue that affects the social, cultural, political and the economics of the country (British HIV Association, 2014) as it is associated with serious morbidity that includes a high cost of treatment and care (PHE, 2013). The initiative of this policy is to facilitate an increase in HIV testing in all healthcare settings in order to reduce the proportion of individuals who are unaware of their HIV infection with the motive of benefitting the individual and the public health. This is vital as maintaining focus on increasing regular HIV testing is a key component of the prevention and care of the people in raising the awareness of HIV of the people in the UK. As a result, the UK national guidelines for HIV testing from the British HIV Association, (2008) recommends that an HIV test should be offered to all newly registering patients in general practice and general hospital admissions and promote the awareness of HIV which will assist in reducing late diagnosis of HIV. Type of needs According to NICE (2008), an understanding of the assessment of health needs requires a definition of need which indicates the capacity of a benefit from an intervention. Bradshaw (1972) suggests there are four dimensions of need; however, the Bradshaw need chosen was the normative need as it is based on professional judgement (Coles Porter, 2008). It creates the need for professionals to identify standard requirements (Gruen Black, 2006). For instance, the WHO (2013) recommended that HIV testing should be offered in global hospitals. This indicates a health need as data indicates that most people are unaware of their infection (NAT, 2013). Approach Ewles and Simnett (2003) model comprises of five approaches to health promotion which consists of medical approach, behavioural change approach, educational approach, societal change approach and client-centred approach. Thus, the educational approach was chosen as having an educational approach in health promotion offers individual information to ascertain health benefits for themselves (Ewles and Simnett, 2003). The health belief model is seen to be the most common theory used in health promotion, providing the benefits of educational approach (Glanz, Rimer Viswanath, 2008). The model is essential for addressing problem behaviours that raises health concerns (Black, Hawk Keene, 2006). For example, high risk of sexual behaviour and the possibility of contracting HIV, this is an identification of individual behaviours. Willz (2007) further suggested that health professionals need to be mindful of this model so as to enable them in educating and promoting health in individuals from various cultural and ethnic groups. The strength of the educational approach is based on the fact that it permits people to make an informed decision about their health by providing knowledge and information to different cultural and ethnic groups which the health belief model corresponds to. However, Naidoo and Wills (2009) further explain that the educational approach differs from the other approaches as it does not use reinforcement to achieve its aim which is a limitation. The Royal College of Nursing (2011) corresponded with this view advocating that the role of the nurse is to inform and not persuade. Aims and Objectives The group had aims and objectives to ensure everyone recognizes what needs to be achieved. For that reason, the group identified the aim as raising awareness for HIV and with the objectives that comprises participants will be able to identify the main differences between HIV and AIDS, identify the symptoms of HIV and the safest option to fight off the menace, able to understand three risk factors of transmitting HIV and identify three places to access information on HIV. Evaluation Stufflebeam and Shinkfield (2007) explained health promotion evaluation as a process that is concerned with assessing health related activity against the goals in a way that results and contributes to future decision making. In addition, Black, Hawks Keene (2006) further stated that evaluation is made so as to determine if aims and objectives have been met and determine the efficiency of the methods used. This is vital as without evaluation, the idea of if objectives are met would not be known and also problems and weakness encountered would not be seen to rectify. Thorogood and Coombes (2010) states there are three stages of evaluation in health promotion; this includes process, impact and outcome. In the process of the health promotion activity, the group utilised a method of approach so as to achieve the aims and objectives. Thus, the educational approach was chosen as the group used educational materials such as penis model as an illustration on safe use of condom, posters which were clear and easy to read, distributed leaflets to assist in expanding the knowledge of the participants on HIV awareness as Linsley, Kane and Owen (2011) states, good quality health information leaflets assist individuals to make informed choices about their health. In addition, Health belief model (1974) suggests that, people need to have some kind of knowledge, such as information given to them through leaflets and posters to take actions in changing their behaviour or make a health related decision. The interactions that took place during the health promotion(HP) activity was done through raising awareness of HIV to our target group by explaining and discussing the health issue with the participants and after giving a questionnaire for them to answer to enable the group gather information on as to whether the objectives has been met. The impact evaluation involves in assessing the activity in regards of the aims and objectives set by the group. Naidoo and Wills (2008) state that the impact evaluation is the immediate effect the health promotion have on people. Essentially, this refers to the measurement of what has been achieved by the group. The questionnaire given to the participants were analysed by the group which indicated that 87% in 27 people tick the right answer and 3 people in 13% had the wrong answer. From the evaluation carried out, 13% of the participants answered the questionnaire wrongly because it was distributed to them before explaining what the health issue was about. Out of the 30 questions set, only 3 participants had it wrong, which means the group was able to expand the knowledge of the participants and their understanding on HIV. Green and Kreuter (2008) explained outcome evaluation measures as the long term effects of HP activity and whether it has achieved its goals. The outcome effect of the HP activity will be difficult for the group to identify as it there will be a follow up which will be difficult to contact participants again. There are some improvements that could have been made to improve the HP activity. Hence, demonstration of the penis model should be kept in a discreet position and not visible to the audience so as to not be seen as offensive to others. In addition, the standing poster should be clear and group members must ensure it is not blocked from the audience whiles interacting with them. Royal College of nursing (2007) states health promoters are in the contribution to improving the health of the public. Thus, their role as a health promoter is to plan and develop ways that assist people improve and manage their health. Linsley, Kane and Owen (2011) further corresponded saying health promoters must have an evidence-based understanding of the important effects that can be made through health promotion interventions and communicating with people to develop their awareness of activities leading to better health and become knowledgeable about their own health status which will improve the overall health population. The HP activity on raising awareness on HIV could be carried out in Gum clinics within the target group of 15- 24 years. According to French (2009), people can go to gum clinics no matter their age. As stated by the RCN (2012), nurses are health promoters and in an ideal position to influence the people they interact with in order to empower positive health outcomes. Thus, the role of the nurse as a health promoter is to provide advice and support through one to one interventions with clients to improve their sexual health (French, 2009). The nurse can also implement guidance on prevention and risk reduction support of HIV to clients by providing relevant information, leaflets and condoms so as to raise their awareness on HIV. Conclusion This essay has outlined a health promotion activity based on raising awareness of HIV, with a health need assessments and target population identified. The essay has also outlined epidemiology and the demographic trends associated with health policies that govern it. The writer also identified the approaches and the aims and objectives with an evaluation of the effectiveness of the health promotion activity and the role of the health promoter. References Bradshaw ref. Black, M., Hawks H., Keene, M. (2006).Evaluation in health promotion.6th (ed). Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby. British HIV Association.(2014). UK National Guideline for HIV Testing. London: BHIVA. Coles, L. Porter, E. (2008). Public health skills. A practical guide for nurses and publich health practitioners. Oxford: Blackwell. Croyle, R. T. (2005). Theory at a Glance: Application to Health Promotion and Health Behaviour. 2nd (ed). Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. Available at www.thecommunityguide.org. Dudley. L., Poston, J. Bouvier, F. (2010). Population and society. An introduction to demography. New York: Cambridge University Press. Ewles,L. Simnett, I. (2003).Promoting Health -A Practical Guide. 5th (ed). Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall. French, K. (2009). Sexual Health. Chichester: Blackwell Publication. Glanz, K., Rimer. B., Viswanath, K. (2008).Health behaviour and health education. 4th (ed). San Francisco: J. Wiley. Green, L.W. Kreuter, M.W. (2008).Health promotion planning: an educational and environmental approach. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield. Gruen, R. Black, N. (2006). Understanding health services. Berkshire: Open university press. Linsley, P., Kane. R., and Owen, S. (2011). Nursing for public health promotion, principles and practice. Oxford: Oxford university press. National Aids Trust.(2012). HIV testing, action plan. London: NAT. National Aids Trust.(2014). Men who have sex with men (MSM). London: NAT. Naidoo,J. and Wills, J. (2009). Foundations for Health Promotion. Edinburgh: Bailliere Tindall Elsevier. Naidoo, J. Wills, J. (2008).Health Promotion Foundations for Practice. London: BailliereTindall. Public Health England. (2013). HIV in the United Kingdom: 2013 report. London: PHE. Public Health England. (2013). HIV in the UK: 2013 Report. London: PHE. Royal College of Nursing. (2011). Informed consent in health and social care research: RCN guidance for nurses. 2nd (ed). London: RCN. Royal College of Nursing. (2012). Nurses contribution to public health: prevents, promote and protect. London: RCN. Royal College of Nursing. (2007). Nurses as partners in delivering public health. London: RCN. Thorogood, M. Coombes, Y. (2010). Evaluating Health Promotion. (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford university press. Wills, J. (2007).Promoting Health. Oxford: Blackwell. World Health Organisation. (2013). Global update on HIV treatment: Result, impacts and opportunities. Geneva: WHO. World Health Organisation. (2013). HIV and adolescents: Guidance for HIV testing and counselling and care for adolescents living with HIV. Geneva: WHO. Wright. J., Wilkinson, R. J., Williams. R. (2009). Development and importance of health needs assessment. British medical journal, 316(7140), 1310- 1313. United Kingdom: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2009). Health needs assessment: A practical guide. London: NICE. United Kingdom: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2008). Health needs assessment at a glance. London: NICE.

John Proctor vs. Minister Dimmesdale :: essays research papers

John Proctor was a main character in Arthur Miller’s â€Å"The Crucible.† He was a farmer in Salem, Massachusetts in the 1600’s. He was put to death when he would not admit to practicing witchcraft. Minister Dimmesdale was a main character in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter.† He fathered a child out of wedlock in a sinful relationship, and fell to his death when he couldn’t take the guilt any longer. John Proctor and Minister Dimmesdale had several things in common, but also had several differences.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both John Proctor and Minister Dimmesdale were involved in sinful relationships. John Proctor had an affair with a young girl named Abigail Williams even though he was married to Elizabeth Proctor. Minister Dimmesdale fathered the child of Hester Prynne while she was married to Roger Chillingworth. Both men had relationships that were looked down upon by society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Neither John Proctor nor Minister Dimmesdale wanted to admit to their sins at first. Elizabeth Proctor knew of John’s affair, but he did not admit it to the townspeople until Abigail Williams accused Elizabeth of witchcraft. John Proctor knew the only reason that Abigail had done this was because Elizabeth had fired her due to the affair. Minister Dimmesdale lived with his guilt for several years before he admitted to being the father of Pearl. Hester Prynne and Minister Dimmesdale were going to escape on a ship and live together as a family. But, when this did not happen, Dimmesdale could no longer take the guilt. He stood on a scaffold with Hester and Pearl, admitted his sin, and fell to his death. Both John Proctor and Minister Dimmesdale waited before confessing to their sinful relationships.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both John Proctor and Minister Dimmesdale died by telling the truth. John Proctor could have admitted to being a witch and saved his own life. But, he chose to do the moral thing and stick to the truth. He told the truth, and died for what he believed in. Minister Dimmesdale also died by telling the truth. He lived for several years as the guilt continued to build up inside of him. He fell to his death on the scaffold after he told the townspeople he was indeed the father of Pearl. Both men’s lives ended when the truth was revealed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although both men had sinful relationships, these relationships were also very different. John Proctor had an affair with Abigail Williams. But, he did not love her.

Principle Agent Moral Hazard

The major issue was that the commercial banks overstressed in such mortgage backed securities. Another part of the story Is that Basel I accords are credited with giving seeds to the idea of all things that could lead to recession and Basel II Is credited with magnifying Its Impact. Formed In 1988 and adopted by 1992, Basel I accords were a set of rules and regulations, to be adopted by GIG countries, that allotted different risk ratings to various types of assets held by banks. Assets, here, referred to bonds, mortgages undo etc.It took a long time for the economies to realist the problems associated with such types of system. For example, in such a framework a commercial bank was permitted to keep aside no liquid capital if it had all government bonds or gold as assets. This was so because such assets were considered safe. Further, it was required of them to keep aside small percentages of capital for every mortgage, commercial loan or bonds they Issued. With the introduction of Ba sel 2, the list was expanded to bonds backed by debts like ar or property loans and yet had to keep only a 2 percent of spare capital.Flip side to this was that the bonds ought to have AAA or AAA credit ratings from the government. Statistics tell that Just prior to the recession, 81 percent of all Mortgage backed securities held by the commercial banks had AAA credit rating. Further, 93 percent of all mortgage-backed securities held by these banks had AAA credit rating or held bonds Issued by a government-sponsored enterprise. Now this Is where the role of moral hazard comes Into play.When Basel I and abstinently Basel II accords were Introduced, the primary aim of the developed economies was to encourage consumer spending and Investments by the banks. It was not completely unforeseeable for everyone to realize that backing debt or junk manipulating credit ratings, economies tried to create a self-fulfilling system that provided for feed as well as fed upon its own. The bankers wer e in turn incentives to take risks of high magnitude, with all the depositors' money in hand, believing that there is a government always backing them.Soon the entire system gave away. This created a bigger moral hazard. How to minimize such problems? TO reduce such a problem of Principal Agent problem leading to recession, it is imperative that the regulators are on their toes. In USA, SEC did not take proper steps to ensure that the Rating agencies don't rate securities high without any strong backing to do so. Also the FIDE, the Fed, the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Office of Thrift Supervision relied blindly on the ratings given by the Credit rating agencies.Therefore, all rules and regulations given under law should be implemented properly and Justly by the regulators. The government should also ensure the timely passage of relevant legal provision and bills. Also, although Basel Ill accords have been adopted and implemented by most of the countries and the deadline is 2019 for it, the present market conditions show that the Minimum Capital requirements need an overhaul as well. Hence, Basel 4 could be started to be worked upon with refined changes and the governments should follow the rules under such requirements.

Sheena Pugh’s ‘The craft I left in was called Esau’ Poetry Analysis

We have been studying 3 of Sheena Pugh's poems which all relate to earth and mankind . In poem one titled ‘the craft I left in was called Esau' , it shows the weary travellers that had to leave earth for one reason or another in a timid and nervous mood , simply searching for a new place to live. The poem makes the reader feel tense almost waiting for something to happen. The fact they had to leave portrays a sense of imminent danger , the fact they scratched the word Esau on the door makes it seem like it was done in haste as if to say they could have been wiped out at any moment. The name Esau on the door relates to the bible story when Esau sells his heritage to his brother Jacob for a bowl of pottage which is to say that we've abused the earth. The second poem we read was called ‘Do you think we'll ever get to see earth sir? ‘ and it shows our characters taking trips to see earth like sightseers . Our teacher Christie stating the ideas concepts pointlessness as there is hardly anything to see. The third poem was called ‘Geography 1' and is about an island called Surtsey which was actually a volcano. This means that in the order of poems it shows the ‘end of the earth' , ‘returning to earth' , and ‘a new bit of earth'. In poem 1 the craft is called Esau because it insinuates that mankind threw away it's inheritance. They say in the text the name Esau was scratched on the door which portrays a sense of immediate danger or emergency which forced them to leave. ‘Incongruous' is used in the text and means something does not fit the pattern and so while the travellers are ‘joking nervously' it doesn't feel quite right somehow. We know the travellers are on their first journey of this kind because they were joking nervously as if they were just trying to ignore the fact they were travelling into the unknown. I don't think they are coming back because the reason they are nervous is that they know that if everything goes wrong then they don't have a safe-house to return to. The poet uses the word ‘still' twice in succession to emphasise it (the stillness) , a new ocean portrays a new task or challenge waiting to be mapped out. They say â€Å"it seemed natural to look for a horizon† because the word ‘natural' because it suggests that they're going purely on instinct while if it were normal then it would be a tried and tested method of tracking position. The ‘charted coastlines' mentioned in the poem suggest an unstarted map , a blindly followed path in search for a new home. â€Å"Our late guesthouse† suggests it's not the last part of the story , it isn't the end as if there's more to come or they are part of a much deeper plot. This poem has no poem but has simple language however the reader is compelled to continue reading just in case they miss something important that's about to happen. The second poem we have studied that is written by Sheena Pugh is called ‘Do you think we'll ever get to see earth sir? ‘. It is about a cynical earth survivor getting quite emotive about the concept of savouring lost memories or in this case , earth. The poem is written as a brief lecture to a student , which almost instructs the student about what to do if he sees even the smallest image of the past. The writer makes us think about the future by making us think about how we will be remembered by our descendants. While reading you can't help but think about what fate could lead to the evacuation of earth , the thing that hangs in my mind is the concept of a nuclear war , the reason this ties in with the poem is that we hear the teacher say â€Å"they're still toxic† †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ nuclear war could potentially do this. This poem has a person telling it with a very sharp , sarcastic tone in their voice , this gives the impression that this person just wants the chance to forget. This poem makes me feel insecure because the best thing about earth is the sense of security you get when say†¦ at home in your room because in a way nothing can touch you there. The other thing about this poem is that it has no verses as if all the points that are made are inter-twined and need not be separated. The word ‘look' is used very often as if to say be a part of it not just stare and gaze upon it. She says things like â€Å"see it with your skin† etc which I think means that you should see it with all your senses and not just sight. If I had to pick one , my favourite word would be ‘damascening' because it sounds like a very rigorous describing word. The third poem we have studied is called ‘Geography 1' and the person in the poem is describing the birth of a new part of earth , the island of Surtsey. Surtsey was a small island that was formed by a volcanic eruption , Surtsey was said to be important because it was like seeing the earth being born again. I think Surtsey was used as a lesson to the pupils because it shows a fresh start which can lead on to better times. Throughout the poem I believe Sheena is trying to say that novelties do eventually turn old and unimportant. The mood of this poem is of a non-caring , ignorant – to – the past mood for example when he says â€Å"fancy that , but I hadn't time to look properly†. Throughout the poem Pugh makes us feel gripped and embraced until the ironic ending. The language does encourage this mood with powerful describing phrases ie â€Å"flood of colours†. I think this poem is written in verses to separate the different points the poet is trying to convey , for example in the 4th paragraph they show the novelty of Surtsey by saying â€Å"Surtsey was important† but the 5th paragraph contradicts this by saying that it was forgotten, â€Å"even the birds nested in a few years†. Christie is supposed to be teaching a Geography lesson in the poem. I quite like the phrase â€Å"with angry energy , it wanted to shout† because while reading it you do get a rush of energy. I do not like the phrase â€Å"Surtsey was important because it was like seeing the earth being born again† because I feel this point is obvious and has already been made. I do like the poem however because it has powerful phrases and has a point (volcanic eruption), which can be easily pictured because unlike the other two poems it is a concept that man can currently experience. I definitely prefer this poem as it has good describing phrases and high octane adjectives. The first poem made me feel quite tense because you had to imagine being on a ship seeing your life fade into the distance , poem two made me feel quite cynical as the fact it's a personal poem makes it easier to fal into the very plot of the character Christie and so you do see the point he is making. The third poem ‘Geography 1'gave you a feeling of having too much energy followed by too little because it's a transition from â€Å"that flood of colours† to â€Å"just an offshore island†. I did prefer the third poem because as I said before it has a conceivable concept. These three poems do show ‘the end of earth', ‘returning to earth', ‘and a new bit of earth', this shows devolution but in a way evolution because a new bit of earth implies a new, fresh start.